A study of critical realism in Kamal Nasser's poetry based on Georg Lukacs' theory

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The concept of critical realism is distinguished by its comprehensive view of humanity and life, emphasizing the organic unity between them. Georg Lukács developed critical realism as a significant sociological theory, which posits that literature reflects society and presents its realistic image. Palestinian resistance literature, as a product of social and political conditions, is often reflected in the poetry of poets like Kamal Nasser. This study explores the relationship between Nasser’s poetry and the social contexts of his country, applying Lukács’ critical realism through a descriptive-analytical approach. The goal is to examine how Nasser illuminates societal challenges and the root causes of issues in Palestine. Lukács’ realism theory categorizes into three types: true realism, critical realism, and populism. The study’s results show that Nasser’s poetry transcends personal views, instead reflecting the collective struggles and realities of his people. His work critiques colonial powers such as France, England, and the U.S., calling for the end of their control and interference. Furthermore, his poems address pressing social concerns such as imprisonment, hunger, drought, displacement, and the overall injustices faced by the Palestinian people. The critical realism in Nasser’s poetry is influenced by the societal atmosphere of his timedominated by occupation, poverty, betrayal, and displacement. These elements deeply inform his literary expression and criticism of colonial powers and local regimes, capturing the essence of Palestinian suffering and resistance.

Keywords

References

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Ebn-Almoqaffa in Narrative and Poetry (Formerly known as Quarterly of Arabic Language and Literature
Volume 21, Issue 3
October 2025
Pages 211-229

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