An analysis of the epic characteristics in the "Alawiya"epic by Muhammad Abdulmutallab Focusing on the characteristics of the epic "Shahnameh"

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Al-Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

Abstract

"Alawiya" epic by its Egyptian poet Muhammad Abdulmutallab (1871-1931) is one of the most famous and venerable poems in modern Arabic literature, which is distinguished by a prominent enthusiastic style and has epic features that make it one of the early stages of the epic art in Arabic literature at the beginning of the twentieth century. In this article, and in a descriptive-analytical approach, we have studied the epic elements in this poem, and since the epic is an ancient art of some peoples, such as the Persians and the Greeks, we compared these elements with the elements of one of the world famous epics, which is the Shahnameh of the great Persian poet Ferdowsi, to see how Alevism has the artistic features associated with the epic Was the poet able to come close to some extent from the world epics, or not. In a fleeting look, we can say that the poet was able to create a great epic, and his poem has epic features that almost make it a great epic, and the most important of these features are describing the quantities and their heroics, photographing battles, arenas, the ghost and the tools of war in an enthusiastic way, and taking advantage of some techniques of the epic and enthusiasm, such as “Magnify the opponent” ”artistic exaggeration,” “paranormal customs,” and “proverbs” in narrating events and describing battles.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Abbas, Hassan (1998) Characteristics of Arabic letters and their meanings, Arab Writers Union Publications. (in Arabic)
Abd al-Muttalib, Muhammad, (1920), Alawiya of Abd al-Muttalib, Explanation: Sayyid Muhammad al-Ghunaimi al-Taftazani, Egypt: al-Ma'arif Publications. (in Arabic)
Abdul-Muttalib, Muhammad, (n.d) Diwan Abd al-Muttalib, Explanation: Ibrahim Al-Abyari and Abdul Hafeez Shalabi, Egypt: Al-Itimad Publications. (in Arabic)
Al-Akkad, Abbas Mahmoud, (1937) Egyptian poets and their environments in the past generation, Cairo: Hajjari Library. (in Arabic)
Al-Asqalani, Ahmad Ibn Ali Ibn Hajar Al-Shafi’i,(n.d.) Fateh Al-Bari Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari, Beirut: Dar Al-Maarifah. (in Arabic)
Alavi Moghadam, Mohammad, (1977) "Ethical Thoughts in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh", Journal of the Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies of Mashhad, No. 25. (In Persian)
Al-Biqai, Shafiq, (1985) Literary Genres, first edition, Beirut: Ezzedine Foundation for Printing and Publishing. (in Arabic)
Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Ahmad, (1993 AD), History of Islam and the Deaths of Celebrities and Celebrities, edited by Omar Abd al-Salam, Palmyra, Beirut, Dar al-Kitaab al-Arabi, Second Edition. (in Arabic)
Al-Dinouri, Abu Hanifa Ahmad Bin Dawood, (1989) Al-Akhbar Al-Talaam, Edited by: Abdel-Moneim Amer, Revision: Jamal Al-Din Shayal, Qom: Al-Radhi Publications. (in Arabic)
Al-Gizawi, Saad Eddin Mohamed, (1956 AD) Echoes of Religion in Modern Egyptian Poetry, Egypt: Maktabah nehzt mecr. (in Arabic)
Al-Hashimi, Ahmad, (1939) Jawahar al-Balaghah, Egypt: Trust Press. (in Arabic)
Al-Maqdisi, Anees, (1952) Literary Trends in the Modern Arab World, Beirut: Publications of the Faculty of Sciences and Arts.
Al-Mufid, Sheikh, (1992) Al-Irshad, Qom: Sheikh Mufid Congress. (in Arabic)
Al-Qa`oud, Hamii Mahmoud, (n.d) The long-standing Islamic poems in the modern era, Cairo: Dar Al-I'tissam. (in Arabic)
Al-Salih, Salih Ali, (1972) Al-Rawdah Al-Mukhtara, Explanation of Al-Hashemiyat Poems by Al-Kumait and the Seven Al-Alawi Poems by Ibn Abi Al-Hadid Al-Mu'tazili, Beirut: Al-Alamy Foundation for Publications. (in Arabic)
Al-Taftazani, Saad Eddin, (2006) Sharh Al-Muqhtasar, second edition, Qom: Ismaelian publication. (in Arabic)
Al-Tunji, Muhammad, The Detailed Dictionary of Literature, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, 1999 AD. (in Arabic)
Aristotle, (n.d.) The Art of Poetry, Translation, Introduction and Commentary: Dr. Ibrahim Hamadeh, Cairo: The Anglo Egyptian Library.( in Arabic)
Dhaif, Shawky, (n.d.) pre-Islamic era, Egypt: Dar Al-Maarif. (in Arabic)
Diyarbakry, (n.d.) Date Thursday, Beirut: Dar Al-Sadr. (in Arabic)
Ferdowsi, (2000) Shahnameh Ferdowsi, Tehran: Peyvand Moaser Publications. (In Persian)
Gharib, George,((n.d) epic poetry, its history and flags, Beirut :Dar Al-Thaqafa Publications.
Homer, (n.d) The Iliad, Arabization: Suleiman Al-Bustani, Beirut: Dar Al-Maarifa Publications
Kahleh, Omar Reda, (dt) Authors' Dictionary, Beirut: Al-Muthanna Library and House of Revival of Arab Heritage. (in Arabic)
Maarouf, Yahya (2009) The Simple Arabic prosody, Tehran: Samt. (in Arabic)
Mahmoud, Ahmed Saeed Bakr (2019) The artistic construction of the story according to Ibrahim Al-Naji, Journal of the College of Education, Ain Shams University, No. 25, Part One.
Malika, Ben Qumar and Bouaamer, Boualem, (2020) “The Art of Epics in Foreign Literature and Arabic Literature, Formations and Formations”, Journal of Human and Social Studies, Volume 9 P2.
Mirsadeghi, Jamal, (2013), Elements of the story, eighth edition, Tehran: Sokhan Publications.
Nechiri, Asghar, (2004), "Features of Rostam in Shahnameh", Scientific Research Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Isfahan, Volume 2, Number 38, pp. 175-212. (In Persian)
Radhi, Syed, (n.d.) Nahj Al-Balaghah, correction: Subhi Saleh, Qom: Dar Al-Hijrah.
Safa, Zabihullah, (2005), Epic poetry in Iran, seventh edition Tehran: Amirkabir Publications. (In Persian)
Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza, (2002) Imagination in Persian Poetry, Tehran: Agah Publications. (In Persian)
Shamisa, Sirus, (2004) Literary types, fourth edition, first edition, Tehran, Mitra Publications. (In Persian)
Sharifzadeh, Mansoureh, (1990) "The battle of tools in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Homer's Iliad from a comparative point of view", Farhang Magazine, No. 7. (In Persian)
Vincent, C. [m.L. Abbe ci Vincent], (1978) Theory of Literary Types, translated by d. Hassan Aoun, Alexandria: almaaref. (in Arabic)
Younes, Ali, (1993) A New Theory in Arabic Poetry Music, Egyptian Public Board for Books. (in Arabic)
Zarrinkoob, Abdolhossein, (1951) "Shahnameh and Iliad", Yaghma Magazine, No. 4. (In Persian)
Zaytouni, 2002: A Dictionary of Terms Criticizing the Novel, Beirut, Dar Al-Nahar for Publishing.
Zirkli, Khair El Din, (n.d) Al-Alam, Beirut: seventh edition. (in Arabic)
Quarterly of Arabic Language and Literature
Volume 17, Issue 4
January 2022
Pages 575-600

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics